Description: The active ingredient is Interferon beta-1a (6 million IU) and the other ingredients are: Human serum albumin, sodium chloride, dibasic sodium phosphate and monobasic sodium phosphate. Interferon beta-1a helps to regulate your body’s immune system.
The pharmacokinetics of interferon beta-1a in people with multiple sclerosis have not been evaluated. In healthy subjects, a single subcutaneous (SC) injection of 60 mcg of interferon beta-1a (liquid formulation).
INN: Interferon Beta-1a
Indication: Relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis
Protein type: Interferon
Mechanism of action: Interferon beta upregulates the expression of MHC I proteins, allowing for increased presentation of peptides derived from viral antigens. This enhances the activation of CD8+ T cells that are the precursors for cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and makes the macrophage a better target for CTL-mediated killing. Whether the mechanism of action of Cinnovex in MS is mediated by the same pathway as the biological effects described above is not known because the pathophysiology of MS is not well established.
Description: Fingolimod is indicated as single disease modifying therapy in highly active relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis for the following adult patient groups:
Patients with highly active disease despite a full and adequate course of treatment with at least one disease modifying therapy patients with rapidly evolving severe relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis defined by 2 or more disabling relapses in one year, and with 1 or more Gadolinium enhancing lesions on brain MRI or a significant increase in T2 lesion load as compared to a previous recent MRI.
Description:
DIMETHYL FUMARATE is indicated for the treatment of patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis.
Mechanism of Action:
The mechanism by which dimethyl fumarate (DMF) exerts its therapeutic effect in multiple sclerosis is unknown. DMF and the
metabolite, monomethyl fumarate (MMF), have been shown to activate the Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)
pathway in vitro and in vivo in animals and humans. The Nrf2 pathway is involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress. MMF has been identified as a nicotinic acid receptor agonist in vitro.
Description:
Glatiramer acetate is a mixture of synthetic polypeptides that has unique anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities and that is used to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
This medicine is used for treatment of relapsing MS.
Mechanism of Action:
The mechanism(s) by which glatiramer acetate exerts its effects in patients with MS are not fully understood. However, it is thought to act by modifying immune processes that are believed to be responsible for the pathogenesis of MS.